00:03
What's up amazing people, this is iYASASA RADIO by Akane and Minami.
In this radio, we are going to talk about random topics in Okinawan Japanese and English.
There has long been a debate and a living to be made in comedy clubs around the differences between male and female brain differences.
But a new study says there are actually minimal differences between the two.
A study at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science led by Lisa Elliott has found that hippocampus is the same size in both men and women.
The team's discovery came from a meta-analysis of more than 6000 structural MRI scans,
which shows that there was no significant difference in hippocampal size between men and women.
The discovery also counters many popular explanations of differences between men and women.
Sex differences in our brain are resistible to those looking to explain stereotypic differences between men and women, says Elliott.
And they often make a big splash.
But as we explore multiple data sets and are able to coalesce very large samples of males and females, we found these differences often disappear or are tribal.
The hippocampus is the area of the brain often linked to short and long-term memories and connecting the emotions to the things.
It was previously widely believed that the hippocampus was much larger in females, thus explaining the stereotype that women are more emotionally expressive and have a better verbal memory than men.
The study also noted other studies that have debunked sex differences in a brain.
The corpus callosum, a group of neural fibers that connects the two hemispheres, was commonly believed to differ in size in men and women.
Male and female brains were also once thought to have significant differences in the way their hemispheres process language.
But large-scale meta-analysis have debunked both of these claims.
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And they often make a big splash.
But as we explore multiple data sets and are able to coalesce very large samples of men and women, we found these differences often disappear or are tribal.
The hippocampus is the area of the brain often linked to short and long-term memories and connecting the emotions to the things.
It was previously widely believed that the hippocampus was much larger in females, thus explaining the stereotype that women are more emotionally expressive and have a better verbal memory than men.
The corpus callosum, a group of neural fibers that connects the two hemispheres, was commonly believed to differ in size in men and women.
The corpus callosum, a group of neural fibers that connects the two hemispheres, was commonly believed to have significant differences in the way their hemispheres process language.
As Elliot said, many people believe that there are male and female brains, which often make a big splash.
The analysis of the brain has become the basis for trying to explain the stereotypical differences between men and women.
But as we explore multiple data sets and are able to coalesce very large samples of men and women, we found these differences disappear or are very small.
What did you think about the article?
The article?
Yeah.
Basically, there is no brain functional difference between male and female. Is that right?
Yeah.
But if I think about my daily life conversation with older people, I use the word a lot of times like,
Do you have a strong male brain or female brain?
Female brain.
And I found that it's not the brain thing. It's just the personal thing.
Personal thing and also it depends on what kind of environment you grew up in.
But I didn't know there's no differences between men and women, I mean their brains.
We usually think men are better than driving a car, reading a map, doing math.
06:03
And women tend to be good at breathing air, the atmosphere, cooking, taking care of people.
So it's not came from our brain. It is actually a society impact.
There was something in the article, right?
It's hard to tell the difference between male and female brain, so I think it was men and women.
Yeah.
Everyone loves talking about the difference between men and women.
Like TV shows about love.
There are a lot of TV shows about love.
Like, women are like this, men are like that.
So it's all different?
It's like, the study shows the difference between men and women, but it's not came from our brain function.
Does your brain change as you grow up?
At first, everyone had the same brain, but when I became a girl, my brain was changed to a girl's brain.
Brainwashing?
It's like, since we are in kindergarten or elementary school, especially elementary school,
we are divided as a boy and a girl.
Like the color.
The order.
Yeah, the boy goes first.
And we are being brainwashed.
Yeah.
And mom and dad, they are like a role.
If you have a stereotypical traditional family, they'd be my parents.
It's like, men go out, earn the money, and come back home.
And moms stay, taking care of the family, cooking.
And when people come, they go out.
It's a very typical family.
When it's New Year's or Obon, only women come.
I grew up watching that, so even if I don't want to do it, but I kind of get ready for the women role.
Yeah.
In Okinawa, it's not just about the brain.
It's about society?
09:00
Yeah, like, women should be like this.
And there are a lot of role models.
Like, a good mom.
Yeah.
Even though it's just Okinawa, there are a lot of things.
Like work.
Is there any gender difference, or gap, or a bit of discrimination when you work?
Since I'm doing a wedding planner, most of the women are working at the wedding salon.
And most of the men are single.
But sometimes the clients request the women as a planner.
Because they have probably a stereotype.
Like, if a man does it, it won't go well.
Like, they don't know about the dress or the flowers.
Things like that.
I think it's especially true at weddings.
But I feel like it's kind of inevitable at weddings.
Is there a time when men are more strict?
Sometimes.
They don't care about that.
Yeah.
It's hard to talk to the groom.
The groom is a woman, right?
But...
What about your work?
A lot of men.
A lot of men.
And the management position is mostly men.
This is one of the things I don't like.
How do I say this?
Is there any discrimination?
I don't think there's any discrimination.
Women are born to be married.
And there are a lot of people who are born to be married.
So if you're born, you take a vacation.
And while you're doing that,
I don't know.
People in Tokyo work a lot.
So they can't do that.
I think there are some people who choose not to be on the front line.
They can't keep up with the organization.
Working with Japanese companies and people,
they also require how late they can go out.
No matter how much work you can do,
people who can keep up with you
are more likely to be on the front line.
Like drinking parties.
People who can go out anytime.
There's a lot of people like that, right?
12:02
Yeah.
That's why there are more men.
I'm not talking about the brain,
I'm talking about society.
I just found something interesting.
About the spread of the world?
Before we talk about the spread of the world,
Oh, yeah.
Countries where women go out late
have a big difference in spatial recognition.
For example, spatial recognition is said to be better for men.
According to a study conducted in 2018
targeting 2.5 million people around the world,
Norway and Finland, where the Gender Gap Index
announced by the World Economic Forum is high,
have a big difference in spatial recognition for men and women.
Countries where women go out late
also have a big difference in spatial recognition.
According to a study conducted in 2018,
it is an example of how the social structure
compares to the difference in the ability of men and women.
It's quite surprising, isn't it?
What is spatial recognition?
Reading maps,
driving a car,
memorizing the roads.
That's right.
This may be a stereotype,
but there are places where men are good at backing up.
Like driving.
You can see that they don't bump into each other while backing up.
Men are better at that.
Men are also good at driving.
But that's a fact, isn't it?
It's a fact, but this Finland...
It's a fact because we grew up in Japan.
It might make a difference if we are Finnish.
We grew up in Finland.
But it's a fact.
Because we are Japanese.
Countries with a big difference in spatial recognition for men and women.
We talked about it earlier.
What was it?
Spatial recognition ranking.
Spatial recognition ranking for men and women in 2021.
1st place is Iceland.
2nd place is Finland.
3rd place is Norway.
4th place is Sweden.
5th place is New Zealand.
6th place is Japan.
Japan is 120th.
Out of 153 countries.
Out of 153 countries?
120th.
Almost.
Korea and China are 102nd and 107th.
They are lower in Asia.
It's strange.
Samurai spirit?
15:00
Samurai spirit?
Samurai spirit?
What do you call it?
There is a Showa spirit.
Like men are like this and women are like that.
By the way, the lowest is Afghanistan.
That kind of sound makes sense.
Muslims and Middle Eastern countries are lower.
Isn't it amazing?
If you grow up in a country where there is no gender difference,
isn't it amazing that even the ability changes?
It's not that it changes, it's that it was there in the first place.
I feel unfair being in Japan.
That's right.
Especially if it was women.
On the contrary, men are lucky if they are stereotyped.
That's right.
But men are stressed.
If you want to be a wedding planner,
even if you are a man,
even if you improve your taste,
there is a possibility that you will be rejected.
There is a possibility.
Now more and more men are coming.
But this gender gap has been talked about for a long time.
Japan is not good at this kind of topic.
That's right.
Finland is better.
I want to go to Finland.
If you look at this kind of article, Finland is definitely at the top.
It's progressing.
What's the difference?
I want to look into the difference between Finland and Japan.
That's good.
Is there any Finnish people living in Okinawa?
I want to ask.
And I want to ask why you are in Okinawa.
Why did you come to Okinawa?
That's right.
It's fun to go out with people who are in such a happy country.
You will be happy.
In our country.
It's a happy country.
There are many North Koreans.
I want to go to an elementary school.
I want to go.
Everyone is treated like a human being.
Not a man and a woman.
It must be a shock.
It's a gender gap, but education is also progressing.
There are various measures.
When you learn a language, you have to pay for a year's tuition.
It looks easy to live.
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Is it cold?
It's cold.
Is it the country of Moomin?
Is it the country of Santa?
It's Moomin.
Is Santa in Finland?
I forgot.
Do they have everything?
They have everything.
They have everything.
I want to go to Finland to learn about equality and diversity.
Let's go.
What I said earlier about the gender gap.
There is no gender gap in the potential of the brain.
But there are men and women who have been sucked into society.
There are many people who want to express themselves as men and women.
There are many people who want to express themselves as men and women.
But in reality, it's a discriminatory word.
Some people don't want to be called that.
It's a negative word.
But if you change the way you say it, it's like...
I thought I should ask you earlier.
Do you think Japanese people tend to say men and women?
Like Otokogi?
Memeshi?
In English, we say Pussy.
For weak people.
Men and women are often used in conversation.
But I don't think I've ever heard that in English.
He's like a female.
If you say that, you can tell that he's out.
I said it in English.
But when I said it in Japanese,
I think I'm losing my senses.
The image I have of men and women.
But what should I say?
Sometimes I feel like I'm a man.
But that doesn't mean I'm a man.
I feel like I'm a man, but...
What?
I'm using Sano and Uno.
I'm strong in Sano.
I'm logical.
I'm like Sano.
I'm emotional.
That's how you say it.
Especially Minami.
In Japanese, it's like a combination of male and female.
That's how I feel.
Sometimes I feel like I'm logical.
21:00
Sometimes I feel like I'm emotional.
I have to use a lot of things to express myself.
But I think I get it.
What?
For example,
Akane has a goal of becoming a woman like this.
Minami has a goal of becoming a woman like this.
But she doesn't have a clear goal.
When I see Akane,
I try to imitate the part where I think she's a really good woman.
Like Akane's behavior.
Is it a sample of a woman?
Basically, I'm running in the middle.
For example, when I see Akane,
I try to imitate the behavior of a woman.
If I do this, people will like me.
I'll be popular.
To put it simply.
If I think this is what people will like,
I'll input it.
When I see a cool guy,
I'll input what I think is good.
You are all mixed together.
That's why you're cute and cool.
I think the way I look has changed.
I feel like I look different.
Really?
Don't you think so?
Because I've been here for a long time.
When I was in college,
I used to have longer hair.
Longer hair.
I had very short hair.
At that time, I was aiming for a mannish.
When you had short hair?
What about when you had long hair?
When I had long hair, I was aiming for Amejo.
Amejo is a hairstyle.
That's why.
When I went to Tokyo,
I wore a mannish.
It was easy to set clothes.
It was easy.
That's why I was into short hair.
But it's all gone.
I don't care about it now.
I think the hairstyle is pretty big.
A long time ago,
I thought short hair was cool.
A cool woman.
But I realized it had nothing to do with it.
Why?
Some people are very short and cute.
Some people are cool.
Some people are long and cool.
24:00
I thought it wasn't hair.
And men's hair is long these days.
If a man has long hair,
he can only be handsome.
He can't be ugly.
That's what I think.
I'm sorry.
I can't do that now.
You can do whatever you want.
That's called unconscious bias.
Unconscious bias.
Let's talk about that.
We found an article about what unconscious bias means.
Unconscious bias.
In Japanese.
Unconscious prejudice.
Unconscious prejudice.
Our brains are influenced by the environment we grew up in,
past experiences, and values.
We don't know how to see and perceive things.
Have you ever felt like this in your daily life?
Here we go.
We judge people by their blood type.
I don't think young people these days have guts.
Women can be considerate.
Seniors are not good at computers.
Foreign employees are self-assertive.
If you drink, you can understand each other.
Unconscious bias is a stereotype in psychology.
Unconscious bias is a state in which stereotypes,
which are unconscious, appear in words, decisions, and emotions.
Unconscious bias is a state in which there is a difference between reality and the negative.
It seems like everyone is doing it.
I want to be a flat person.
If you look at this, you can see that the company is biased.
Foreign employees are self-assertive.
I think so.
I don't fix it.
In the radio, they say,
Americans are like this.
Americans are like this.
That's an unconscious bias.
And also a stereotype.
Conscious bias.
Conscious according to our personal life bias.
For example,
if 90% of Americans are self-assertive,
I want to say,
Americans are like this.
It's important to say that.
That's right.
In my opinion.
In my experience.
It's like saying it from a very narrow perspective.
But it was like that.
27:03
Everyone knows it's not like that.
It's just easier for us to distinguish
and understand people by how they look,
where they're from,
or sex.
I think that's it.
People who don't fit into the stereotype
are peaceful when they don't have this.
They're men,
but they're fine.
They're beautiful.
They're good at raising kids.
They're women,
but they're manly.
I get it.
You don't have to think of them as anything from the start.
That's right.
Beautiful isn't just a word for women.
It's more common for men.
And for women,
you're handsome.
You're cool.
You can be considerate.
You don't have to say you're a man or a woman.
You just have to say,
I like that.
From the bottom of your heart.
I think English is easier to say.
In Japanese,
you can be considerate.
It's easier to say you're a man.
Some men say you're cute.
But there are people who don't like that.
So you're a cute boy.
You're beautiful.
I want to say you're cute.
I want to say you're a boy.
How should I say it?
But I don't want to be called that.
How should I say you're cute?
I like that.
I like that a lot.
I like that.
You can say that to anyone.
I like that.
That face suits you.
That face?
You look good.
A lot of people say that.
You look good today.
I like that.
Yeah.
I want that kind of compliment.
It's good.
No gender.
Universal.
I like it.
30:00
But when I saw the news,
I noticed that
I had an unconscious bias.
I act like a woman.
But sometimes,
I have a manly thinking in me.
Everyone has a manly and womanly side.
I think it's better not to distinguish.
I used to think I was feminine.
But sometimes I think I'm masculine.
When I saw this.
I think it's just a part of society.
You have that too.
The way you sit.
The way you stand.
Some people think it's good.
But some people think they're feminine and masculine.
For example, you sit with your legs wide open.
You don't feel like you're feminine.
What are you talking about?
Actually, it doesn't matter if you sit with your legs wide open or closed.
Don't you say,
I'm a girl, so close your legs?
No.
Don't say that.
It's important to teach this to the younger generation.
Then they can become Finland.
We can.
Even elementary school students now.
When they see a girl or a boy,
they think something is already going on.
You don't have to worry about it.
The teacher says so.
Mom says so.
Dad says so.
The world is a big place.
But they don't listen.
You have to experience it.
Maybe they like it.
If they're into it.
That's how it is.
It's feminine.
33:09
They stopped doing that.
They don't have a section for boys and girls.
And the brand of Burbeez is neutralized now.
That's amazing.
It's progressing.
I never liked girls' things when I was small.
When it comes to toys?
No.
I liked Sailor Moon.
I had a Barbie and a doll.
I had Sailor Moon.
But I wasn't interested in it.
I liked Rubee and Gegege no Kitaro.
I know.
But I didn't watch Sentai.
I watched it from 7 to 9 in the morning.
Looking back, it was like a daydream.
That's what I thought.
There's a big section for boys and girls.
But it's feminine.
It's sparkly.
We should change the education system.
And we should go to Finland.
I want to go.
It's like a children's show in Finland.
It's different.
I recommend it.
Human.
Human campaign.
I think I'll be better at driving.
I think so, too.
I think I'm good at driving.
Akane is good at driving, too.
I'm good at speeding.
I want to go fast.
But then,
I might be raised in an open family.
Is that so?
I don't know if it's related,
but according to the survey in Finland,
if you're raised in an open family,
you don't have the ability to understand the environment.
I think it's about recognizing what the child wants to do.
Whether it's a boy or a girl.
I think it's easier for children to live where they grew up.
They don't have the social pressure to live the way they want to live.
So I think we should do that from now on.
Let's do that.
36:02
I'll do my best to get various biases.
In short, the brain is the same for both men and women.
It changes depending on how you raise them.
What we've been taught so far is that
you can do this because you're a man,
and you can do this because you're a woman.
You can do this because you're that person.
That's right.
You just have to be proud of the fact that you are that person.
That's good.
That's good.
I think it's great that he's a man but he's a woman.
It's about your strength and personality that you didn't have to be pressured.
That's all for today.
We talked about the female and male's brain.
There is no parity between them.
It depends on their social impact, how they grew up, and how they treated it before.
We should be careful about unconscious bias.
We should be equal.
Do just be yourself.
It was important to admit that.
That's good.
That's all for today.
Bye-bye.
